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I should probably give you a brief overview of the entire process of cellular respiration. Here you go: starts off with glycolysis, followed by the link reaction, then the Krebs Cycle, and finally the electron transport chain. Oh, please keep in mind only glycolysis will occur in a case of no oxygen.
Glycolysis reactants
1 glucose molecule
2 ATP molecules
4 ADP molecules
Glycolysis products
2 pyruvate molecules (pyruvic acid)
2 NADH (reduced NAD+ molecules)
Total ATP = 4
Net gain ATP = 2
Alrighty then. Let us begin. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of your cells. Not the mitochondria. Cytoplasm. Glycolysis occurs in all organisms, whether or not they undergo aerobic or anaerobic respiration, so that's cool.
It starts off with glucose, which is a 6 carbon molecule.
Glucose is then phosphorylated by two ATP molecules, making fructose 1,6 bisphosphate (still a 6 carbon molecule).
This is a highly unstable molecule and thus splits into two 3 carbon molecules called glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P for short).
This splitting process is called lysis.
Once all this has occurred there is an even more wordier and lengthier process whereby the two G3P molecules are oxidized, involving ATP synthesis and the reduction of NAD+ (coenzyme).
Both of the G3P molecules are oxidized forming a NADH (reduced NAD+).
The released energy of the forming of this coenzyme is used to add another phosphate to each of the G3P molecules.
Leaving us with a G3P molecule with two attached phosphates each.
Our busy friends, the enzymes, now remove all four of the phosphate groups and add them to four ADP molecules, to form ATP.
We are now left with pyruvate, whoopee.
This is only the beginning... Brace yourselves, it's going to get more complicated.
It starts off with glucose, which is a 6 carbon molecule.
Glucose is then phosphorylated by two ATP molecules, making fructose 1,6 bisphosphate (still a 6 carbon molecule).
This is a highly unstable molecule and thus splits into two 3 carbon molecules called glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P for short).
This splitting process is called lysis.
Once all this has occurred there is an even more wordier and lengthier process whereby the two G3P molecules are oxidized, involving ATP synthesis and the reduction of NAD+ (coenzyme).
Both of the G3P molecules are oxidized forming a NADH (reduced NAD+).
The released energy of the forming of this coenzyme is used to add another phosphate to each of the G3P molecules.
Leaving us with a G3P molecule with two attached phosphates each.
Our busy friends, the enzymes, now remove all four of the phosphate groups and add them to four ADP molecules, to form ATP.
We are now left with pyruvate, whoopee.
This is only the beginning... Brace yourselves, it's going to get more complicated.
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