Monday, February 8, 2016

Biology Example Question #1 Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration

This is going to be the first post in a series of posts which answers (often short hand) several biology questions, that do well to summarize large sections of a high school level course. Again please be aware that I am no scientist, so take my words with a pinch of salt. Also, I won't be writing these rambling sort of introductions for the next posts, so there's that. Now on to the answer.

Thank you again to my biology teacher for teaching me everything I know about this!
Labelled for reuse https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Human_smoke_rings.jpg
Cellular respiration is the process whereby glucose is converted into usable energy, in the form of ATP. The amount of ATP produced depends on the whether or not oxygen is present. If oxygen is present aerobic respiration is undertaken, if not then anaerobic respiration is undergone. In aerobic respiration a total of 36 ATP molecules are produced, whereas in aerobic respiration only 2 ATP molecules are produced.

Both processes begin in the cytoplasm of a cell, however, aerobic respiration will continue in the matrix and inner membranes of the mitochondria. Whilst anaerobic respiration only undergoes glycolysis aerobic respiration will also involve the link reaction, the krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Aerobic respiration will result in 10 NADH molecules and 2 molecules of FDH2 (electron carriers) whilst anaerobic respiration will only result in 2 NADH molecules. 

Both processes undergo glycolysis resulting in two pyruvate molecules, however whilst in aerobic respiration they go on to be modified in the link reaction and so forth, in anaerobic respiration other bi products are formed with no additional ATP formed.

If anaerobic respiration takes place in a yeast cell ethanol and CO2 will be the bi-products, whilst in humans the bi-product is lactate (also known as lactic acid).

I hope this was edumactional. I realize that is not a word. 

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